基于cubeMX的hal库STM32实现硬件IIC通信控制OLED屏
1、通常的方法是使用软件模拟IIC来实现OLED屏的显示控制，这里用STM32单片机的硬件IIC来实现OLED屏的显示，主控芯片为STM32F103RCT6，正点原子mini开发板。
2、cubemx配置过程
（1）配置时钟和下载
（2）配置硬件IIC
（3）时钟配置
最后生成工程代码，则可看到硬件IIC的初始化代码：
3、在工程文件中添加oled.c和oled.h文件
#include "oled.h"
#include "oledfont.h"//OLED的显存
//存放格式如下.
//[0]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[1]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[2]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[3]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[4]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[5]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[6]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[7]0 1 2 3 ... 127 /*** @brief OLED写入命令* @param cmd - 待写入命令* @note 移植时，请使用自己的底层API实现
*/
static void OLED_Write_Cmd(uint8_t cmd)
{uint8_t buf[2];buf[0] = 0x00; //control bytebuf[1] = cmd;//使用HAL库的API实现HAL_I2C_Master_Transmit(&hi2c1, 0x78, buf, 2, 0xFFFF);
}
/*** @brief OLED写入数据* @param cmd - 待写入数据* @note 移植时，请使用自己的底层API实现
*/
static void OLED_Write_Dat(uint8_t dat)
{uint8_t buf[2];buf[0] = 0x40; //control bytebuf[1] = dat;//使用HAL库的API实现HAL_I2C_Master_Transmit(&hi2c1, 0x78, buf, 2, 0xFFFF);
}/*** @brief OLED设置显示位置* @param x - X方向位置* @param y - Y方向位置
*/
void OLED_Set_Pos(uint8_t x, uint8_t y)
{ OLED_Write_Cmd(0xb0+y);OLED_Write_Cmd(((x&0xf0)>>4)|0x10);OLED_Write_Cmd((x&0x0f)|0x01);
}
/*** @brief OLED开启显示
*/
void OLED_Display_On(void)
{OLED_Write_Cmd(0X8D); //SET DCDC命令OLED_Write_Cmd(0X14); //DCDC ONOLED_Write_Cmd(0XAF); //DISPLAY ON
}
/*** @brief OLED关闭显示
*/
void OLED_Display_Off(void)
{OLED_Write_Cmd(0X8D); //SET DCDC命令OLED_Write_Cmd(0X10); //DCDC OFFOLED_Write_Cmd(0XAE); //DISPLAY OFF
}
/*** @brief OLED清屏函数（清屏之后屏幕全为黑色）
*/
void OLED_Clear(void)
{ uint8_t i,n; for(i=0;i<8;i++) { OLED_Write_Cmd(0xb0+i); //设置页地址（0~7）OLED_Write_Cmd(0x00); //设置显示位置—列低地址OLED_Write_Cmd(0x10); //设置显示位置—列高地址 for(n=0;n<128;n++){OLED_Write_Dat(0);} }
}
/*** @brief OLED显示全开（所有像素点全亮）
*/
void OLED_On(void)
{ uint8_t i,n;for(i=0;i<8;i++){ OLED_Write_Cmd(0xb0+i); //设置页地址（0~7）OLED_Write_Cmd(0x00); //设置显示位置—列低地址OLED_Write_Cmd(0x10); //设置显示位置—列高地址 for(n=0;n<128;n++){OLED_Write_Dat(1);} }
}
/*** @brief 在指定位置显示一个ASCII字符* @param x - 0 - 127* @param y - 0 - 7* @param chr - 待显示的ASCII字符* @param size - ASCII字符大小* 字符大小有12(6*8)/16(8*16)两种大小
*/
void OLED_ShowChar(uint8_t x,uint8_t y,uint8_t chr,uint8_t size)
{ uint8_t c=0,i=0;c = chr-' '; if(x > 128-1){x=0;y++;}if(size ==16){OLED_Set_Pos(x,y); for(i=0;i<8;i++){OLED_Write_Dat(F8X16[c*16+i]);}OLED_Set_Pos(x,y+1);for(i=0;i<8;i++){OLED_Write_Dat(F8X16[c*16+i+8]);}}else{ OLED_Set_Pos(x,y);for(i=0;i<6;i++){OLED_Write_Dat(F6x8[c][i]);}}
}
/*** @brief OLED 专用pow函数* @param m - 底数* @param n - 指数
*/
static uint32_t oled_pow(uint8_t m,uint8_t n)
{uint32_t result=1; while(n--)result*=m; return result;
}
/*** @brief 在指定位置显示一个整数* @param x - 0 - 127* @param y - 0 - 7* @param num - 待显示的整数(0-4294967295)* @param len - 数字的位数 * @param size - ASCII字符大小* 字符大小有12(6*8)/16(8*16)两种大小
*/
void OLED_ShowNum(uint8_t x,uint8_t y,uint32_t num,uint8_t len,uint8_t size)
{ uint8_t t,temp;uint8_t enshow=0; for(t=0;t<len;t++){temp=(num/oled_pow(10,len-t-1))%10;if(enshow==0&&t<(len-1)){if(temp==0){OLED_ShowChar(x+(size/2)*t,y,' ',size);continue;}else enshow=1; }OLED_ShowChar(x+(size/2)*t,y,temp+'0',size); }
}
/*** @brief 在指定位置显示一个字符串* @param x - 0 - 127* @param y - 0 - 7* @param chr - 待显示的字符串指针* @param size - ASCII字符大小* 字符大小有12(6*8)/16(8*16)两种大小
*/
void OLED_ShowString(uint8_t x,uint8_t y,char *chr,uint8_t size)
{uint8_t j=0;while (chr[j]!='\0'){ OLED_ShowChar(x,y,chr[j],size);x+=8;if(x>120){x=0;y+=2;}j++;}
}
/*** @brief 在指定位置显示一个汉字* @param x - 0 - 127* @param y - 0 - 7* @param no - 汉字在中文字库数组中的索引（下标）* @note 中文字库在oledfont.h文件中的Hzk数组中，需要提前使用软件对汉字取模
*/
void OLED_ShowCHinese(uint8_t x,uint8_t y,uint8_t no)
{ uint8_t t,adder=0;OLED_Set_Pos(x,y); for(t=0;t<16;t++){OLED_Write_Dat(Hzk[2*no][t]);adder+=1;} OLED_Set_Pos(x,y+1); for(t=0;t<16;t++){ OLED_Write_Dat(Hzk[2*no+1][t]);adder+=1;}
}
/*** @brief 在指定位置显示一幅图片* @param x1,x2 - 0 - 127* @param y1,y2 - 0 - 7(8表示全屏显示)* @param BMP - 图片数组地址* @note 图像数组BMP存放在bmp.h文件中
*/
void OLED_DrawBMP(uint8_t x0, uint8_t y0,uint8_t x1, uint8_t y1,uint8_t BMP[])
{ uint16_t j=0;uint8_t x,y;if(y1%8==0){y=y1/8;} else{y=y1/8+1;}for(y=y0;y<y1;y++){OLED_Set_Pos(x0,y);for(x=x0;x<x1;x++){ OLED_Write_Dat(BMP[j++]); }}
} /*** @brief OLED初始化
*/
void OLED_Init(void)
{ HAL_Delay(500);OLED_Write_Cmd(0xAE);//--display offOLED_Write_Cmd(0x00);//---set low column addressOLED_Write_Cmd(0x10);//---set high column addressOLED_Write_Cmd(0x40);//--set start line address OLED_Write_Cmd(0x81); // contract controlOLED_Write_Cmd(0xFF);//--128 OLED_Write_Cmd(0xA1);//set segment remap OLED_Write_Cmd(0xC8);//Com scan directionOLED_Write_Cmd(0xA6);//--normal / reverseOLED_Write_Cmd(0xA8);//--set multiplex ratio(1 to 64)OLED_Write_Cmd(0x3F);//--1/32 dutyOLED_Write_Cmd(0xD3);//-set display offsetOLED_Write_Cmd(0x00);//OLED_Write_Cmd(0xD5);//set osc divisionOLED_Write_Cmd(0x80);OLED_Write_Cmd(0xD9);//Set Pre-Charge PeriodOLED_Write_Cmd(0xF1);//OLED_Write_Cmd(0xDA);//set com pin configuartionOLED_Write_Cmd(0x12);//OLED_Write_Cmd(0xDB);//set VcomhOLED_Write_Cmd(0x40);//OLED_Write_Cmd(0x20);OLED_Write_Cmd(0x02);OLED_Write_Cmd(0x8D);//set charge pump enableOLED_Write_Cmd(0x14);//OLED_Write_Cmd(0xA4);OLED_Write_Cmd(0xA6);OLED_Write_Cmd(0xAF);//--turn on oled panelOLED_Clear();OLED_Set_Pos(0,0);
}
其中，
/*** @brief OLED写入命令* @param cmd - 待写入命令* @note 移植时，请使用自己的底层API实现
*/
static void OLED_Write_Cmd(uint8_t cmd)
{uint8_t buf[2];buf[0] = 0x00; //control bytebuf[1] = cmd;//使用HAL库的API实现HAL_I2C_Master_Transmit(&hi2c1, 0x78, buf, 2, 0xFFFF);
}
/*** @brief OLED写入数据* @param cmd - 待写入数据* @note 移植时，请使用自己的底层API实现
*/
static void OLED_Write_Dat(uint8_t dat)
{uint8_t buf[2];buf[0] = 0x40; //control bytebuf[1] = dat;//使用HAL库的API实现HAL_I2C_Master_Transmit(&hi2c1, 0x78, buf, 2, 0xFFFF);
}具体实现了硬件IIC通信过程。
HAL_I2C_Master_Transmit(&hi2c1, 0x78, buf, 2, 0xFFFF);函数原型为HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_I2C_Master_Transmit(I2C_HandleTypeDef *hi2c, uint16_t DevAddress, uint8_t *pData, uint16_t Size, uint32_t Timeout)；DevAddress为从机设备地址，即0x78表示在IIC通信中OLED显示屏的主控芯片SSD1306的DC引脚的高低电平是用来选择IIC通信地址的；当DC接地时IIC从机地址为:0x78,当DC接高电平时IIC地址为0x7A；测试程序中所用的为DC接地即地址为0x78。*pData为传输的数据内容，Size为数据大小，Timeout为超时时间。从而最终实现硬件IIC通信驱动OLED屏显示。
4、main.c中代码
int main(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 *//* USER CODE END 1 *//* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*//* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */HAL_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN Init *//* USER CODE END Init *//* Configure the system clock */SystemClock_Config();/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit *//* USER CODE END SysInit *//* Initialize all configured peripherals */MX_GPIO_Init();MX_I2C1_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */OLED_Init();/* USER CODE END 2 *//* Infinite loop *//* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while (1){/* USER CODE END WHILE *//* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */OLED_Clear();OLED_ShowChar(0, 0, 'A', 16);OLED_ShowChar(0, 2, 'B', 16);OLED_ShowChar(0, 4, 'C', 16);OLED_ShowChar(0, 6, 'D', 16);OLED_ShowChar(15, 0, 'A', 12);OLED_ShowChar(15, 1, 'B', 12);OLED_ShowChar(15, 2, 'C', 12);OLED_ShowChar(15, 3, 'D', 12);OLED_ShowChar(15, 4, 'E', 12);OLED_ShowChar(15, 5, 'F', 12);OLED_ShowChar(15, 6, 'G', 12);OLED_ShowChar(15, 7, 'H', 12);OLED_ShowString(30, 0, "mculover666", 12);OLED_ShowCHinese(35, 2, 0);OLED_ShowCHinese(65, 2, 1);OLED_ShowCHinese(95, 2, 2);OLED_ShowNum(36, 4, 666888, 6, 16); //OLED_ShowString(36, 6, "IoT Board", 16);OLED_ShowString(36, 6, "xiaoming", 16);HAL_Delay(5000);OLED_DrawBMP(0, 0, 128, 8,BMP1);HAL_Delay(5000);}/* USER CODE END 3 */
}
5、程序源码下载
https://download.csdn.net/download/jacklood/90069232?spm=1001.2014.3001.5503