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dubbo版本与分组

news 来源：原创 2025/4/25 1:01:32

Dubbo服务中，接口并不能唯一确定一个服务，只有接口+分组+版本号的三元组才能唯一确定一个服务。

当同一个接口针对不同的业务场景、不同的使用需求或者不同的功能模块等场景，可使用服务分组来区分不同的实现方式。同时，这些不同实现所提供的服务是可并存的，也支持互相调用。
当接口实现需要升级又要保留原有实现的情况下，即出现不兼容升级时，我们可以使用不同版本号进行区分。

接口

public interface DevelopService {
    String invoke(String param);
}

服务提供者

import com.doudou.dubbo.api.DevelopService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboService;

@DubboService(group = "group1", version = "1.0")
public class DevelopProviderServiceV11 implements DevelopService {
    @Override
    public String invoke(String param) {
        StringBuilder s = new StringBuilder();
        s.append("ServiceV1 param:").append(param);
        return s.toString();
    }
}

import com.doudou.dubbo.api.DevelopService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboService;

@DubboService(group = "group1", version = "2.0")
public class DevelopProviderServiceV12 implements DevelopService {
    @Override
    public String invoke(String param) {
        StringBuilder s = new StringBuilder();
        s.append("ServiceV1 param:").append(param);
        return s.toString();
    }
}

import com.doudou.dubbo.api.DevelopService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboService;

@DubboService(group = "group2", version = "1.0")
public class DevelopProviderServiceV21 implements DevelopService {
    @Override
    public String invoke(String param) {
        StringBuilder s = new StringBuilder();
        s.append("ServiceV2 param:").append(param);
        return s.toString();
    }
}

import com.doudou.dubbo.api.DevelopService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboService;

@DubboService(group = "group2", version = "2.0")
public class DevelopProviderServiceV22 implements DevelopService {
    @Override
    public String invoke(String param) {
        StringBuilder s = new StringBuilder();
        s.append("ServiceV2 param:").append(param);
        return s.toString();
    }
}

服务消费者

import com.doudou.dubbo.api.DevelopService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboReference;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class VersionAndGroupingConsumer implements CommandLineRunner {
    @DubboReference(group = "group1", version = "1.0")
    private DevelopService developServiceV11;
    @DubboReference(group = "group1", version = "2.0")
    private DevelopService developServiceV12;

    @DubboReference(group = "group2", version = "1.0")
    private DevelopService developServiceV21;
    @DubboReference(group = "group2", version = "2.0")
    private DevelopService developServiceV22;

    @Override
    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
        //调用DevelopService的group1分组实现
        System.out.println("Dubbo Remote Return v11 ======> " + developServiceV11.invoke("11"));
        System.out.println("Dubbo Remote Return v11 ======> " + developServiceV12.invoke("12"));
        //调用DevelopService的另一个实现
        System.out.println("Dubbo Remote Return v22 ======> " + developServiceV21.invoke("21"));
        System.out.println("Dubbo Remote Return v22 ======> " + developServiceV22.invoke("22"));
    }
}