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破产计划：ESP32s3+UVC+ov2640实现免驱摄像头

news 来源：原创 2025/4/26 17:55:27

计划没有成功，arduino对于UVC的环境支持不是很完善所以导致项目破产，这里经供参考思想，后续有时间了技术长了再回来研究

SP32-S3 + OV2640摄像头模块 ESP32-S3开发板，可以使用TinyUSB库实现UVC，这样可以直接被Windows识别为摄像头，原本想法是作为windows登录时用来作为登陆使用的摄像头

所以不能使用原本上位机读取图像的办法而是要使用免驱摄像头类似的UVC协议

ESP32-S3 + OV2640

硬件连接（ESP32-S3与OV2640接线表）

OV2640 引脚	ESP32-S3 引脚
3.3V	3.3V
GND	GND
D0	GPIO 1
D1	GPIO 2
D2	GPIO 3
D3	GPIO 4
D4	GPIO 5
D5	GPIO 6
D6	GPIO 7
D7	GPIO 8
XCLK	GPIO 15
PCLK	GPIO 16
VSYNC	GPIO 17
HREF	GPIO 18
SDA	GPIO 13
SCL	GPIO 12
RESET	GPIO 11 (可选)
PWDN	GPIO 10 (可选)

arduino 代码

#include <esp_camera.h>
#include <Adafruit_TinyUSB.h>

// OV2640 摄像头配置
#define CAMERA_MODEL_AI_THINKER
#define PWDN_GPIO_NUM    10
#define RESET_GPIO_NUM   11
#define XCLK_GPIO_NUM    15
#define SIOD_GPIO_NUM    13
#define SIOC_GPIO_NUM    12
#define Y9_GPIO_NUM      8
#define Y8_GPIO_NUM      7
#define Y7_GPIO_NUM      6
#define Y6_GPIO_NUM      5
#define Y5_GPIO_NUM      4
#define Y4_GPIO_NUM      3
#define Y3_GPIO_NUM      2
#define Y2_GPIO_NUM      1
#define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM   17
#define HREF_GPIO_NUM    18
#define PCLK_GPIO_NUM    16

// TinyUSB UVC 配置
Adafruit_USBD_WebUSB usb_uvc;
uint8_t frame_buffer[1024 * 1024]; // 调整缓冲区大小以适应分辨率

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  
  // 初始化摄像头配置
  camera_config_t config;
  config.ledc_channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_0;
  config.ledc_timer = LEDC_TIMER_0;
  config.pin_d0 = Y2_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d1 = Y3_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d2 = Y4_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d3 = Y5_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d4 = Y6_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d5 = Y7_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d6 = Y8_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d7 = Y9_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_xclk = XCLK_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_pclk = PCLK_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_vsync = VSYNC_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_href = HREF_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_sscb_sda = SIOD_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_sscb_scl = SIOC_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_pwdn = PWDN_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_reset = RESET_GPIO_NUM;
  config.xclk_freq_hz = 20000000;
  config.pixel_format = PIXFORMAT_JPEG;
  
  // 根据PSRAM调整分辨率
  if (psramFound()) {
    config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_SVGA; // 800x600
    config.jpeg_quality = 10;
    config.fb_count = 2;
  } else {
    config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_VGA; // 640x480
    config.jpeg_quality = 12;
    config.fb_count = 1;
  }

  // 初始化摄像头
  esp_err_t err = esp_camera_init(&config);
  if (err != ESP_OK) {
    Serial.printf("摄像头初始化失败: 0x%x", err);
    return;
  }

  // 初始化TinyUSB UVC
  TinyUSB_Device_Init(0);
  usb_uvc.setManufacturer("ESP32-UVC");
  usb_uvc.setProduct("OV2640 Camera");
  usb_uvc.begin();
}

void loop() {
  camera_fb_t *fb = esp_camera_fb_get();
  if (fb) {
    // 发送JPEG帧到USB
    usb_uvc.write(fb->buf, fb->len);
    esp_camera_fb_return(fb);
  }
  delay(33); // 约30 FPS
}