python——学生管理系统
学生管理系统主要分为以下三个大类:
一、用户类(User):
属性:用户名(username)、密码(password)
功能:注册(register)、登录(login)
(1)注册:
1、判断用户名是否已经被注册过
2、注册成功
3、是否需要继续追加注册用户
def register(self):# 新用户注册while True:username = input("请输入用户名:")if username in self.users_database:print(f"用户名{username}已存在,请重新输入!")continuepassword = input('请输入密码:')self.users_database[username] = passwordprint(f"用户{username}注册成功!")choice = input('是否继续注册用户?(y/n): ').lower()if choice != 'y':break
(2)登录:
1、用户名未注册
2、登录成功
3、三次输入用户名和密码错误,登录失败
def login(self):# 登录验证(检查注册状态+3次尝试机会)for i in range(3): # 0, 1, 2username = input("请输入用户名:")# 先检查用户是否注册if username not in self.users_database:print(f"用户名 {username} 未注册,请先注册!")return Falsepassword = input("请输入密码:")if self.users_database[username] == password:self.username = usernameself.password = passwordself.logged_in = Trueprint("登录成功!")return True# 只在还有尝试机会时显示提示if i < 2:print(f"密码错误,您还有{2 - i}次机会")else: # 3次尝试都失败print("您已连续3次输入错误,请重新登录!")return False
二、学生类(Student):
属性:学生信息(学号、姓名、性别、年龄、地址、电话)
三、学生管理类(StudentManagerSystem):
属性:学生信息
方法:增加学生信息、删除学生信息、修改学生信息、查询单个学生信息、查询所有学生信息、退出系统
(1)增加学生信息
按学号进行筛选索引
def add_student(self):# 增加学生信息sid = input("请输入学生学号:")if sid in self.students:print("该学号已存在!")returnsname = input("请输入学生姓名:")ssex = input("请输入学生性别:")try:sage = int(input("请输入学生年龄:"))address = input("请输入地址:")# 电话改为字符串,避免以0开头的号码问题tel = input("请输入电话:")self.students[sid] = Student(sid, sname, ssex, sage, address, tel)print("添加成功!")except ValueError:print("年龄必须为数字!")
(2)删除学生信息
按学号进行筛选索引
def delete_student(self):if not self.students:print("当前无任何学生信息!")return# 删除学生信息sid = input("请输入要删除的学生学号:")if sid in self.students:del self.students[sid]print("删除成功!")else:print("未找到该学号的学生!")
(3)修改学生信息
1、按学号进行筛选索引
2、选择修改的项可以为单项或全部
def modify_student(self):if not self.students:print("当前无任何学生信息!")return# 修改学生信息sid = input("请输入要修改的学生学号:")if sid not in self.students:print("未找到该学号的学生!")returnstudent = self.students[sid]student.display_info()print("\n请选择要修改的项:")print("1: 学号 2: 姓名 3: 性别 4: 年龄 5: 地址 6: 电话 7: 全部 8:退出")try:choice = input("请输入选择(1-8): ")if choice == '7':new_sid = input("新的学号:")new_sname = input("新的名字:")new_ssex = input("新的性别:")new_sage = int(input("新的年龄:"))new_address = input("新的地址:")new_tel = input("新的电话:")# 如果学号改变,需要先删除旧的再添加新的if new_sid != sid:del self.students[sid]self.students[new_sid] = Student(new_sid, new_sname, new_ssex,new_sage, new_address, new_tel)else:# 学号没变,直接修改对象属性student.sname = new_snamestudent.ssex = new_ssexstudent.sage = new_sagestudent.address = new_addressstudent.tel = new_telelse:if choice == '1':new_sid = input("新的学号:")if new_sid != sid:self.students[new_sid] = self.students.pop(sid)self.students[new_sid].sid = new_sidelif choice == '2':student.sname = input("新的名字:")elif choice == '3':student.ssex = input("新的性别:")elif choice == '4':student.sage = int(input("新的年龄:"))elif choice == '5':student.address = input("新的地址:")elif choice == '6':student.tel = input("新的电话:")elif choice == '8':returnelse:print("无效选择!")returnprint("修改成功!")except ValueError:print("输入数据有误!")
(4)查询单个学生信息
按学号进行筛选索引
def find_student_by_sid(self):if not self.students:print("当前无任何学生信息!")return# 查询单个学生信息sid = input("请输入学生学号:")if sid in self.students:self.students[sid].display_info()else:print("未找到该学号的学生!")
(5)查询所有学生信息
def list_all_students(self):if not self.students:print("当前无任何学生信息!")return# 查询所有学生信息print("\n================== 所有学生信息 ==================")for sid, student in self.students.items():student.display_info()print("="*50)
(6)退出系统
四、测试
1、注册
2、登录
3、添加学生信息
4、修改学生信息
5、查询单个学生信息
6、查询多个学生信息
五、运行代码
全部运行代码放在这里:
class User:def __init__(self, username=None, password=None):self.users_database = {} # 类级别的用户数据库self.username = usernameself.password = passwordself.logged_in = Falsedef register(self):# 新用户注册while True:username = input("请输入用户名:")if username in self.users_database:print(f"用户名{username}已存在,请重新输入!")continuepassword = input('请输入密码:')self.users_database[username] = passwordprint(f"用户{username}注册成功!")choice = input('是否继续注册用户?(y/n): ').lower()if choice != 'y':breakdef login(self):# 登录验证(检查注册状态+3次尝试机会)for i in range(3): # 0, 1, 2username = input("请输入用户名:")# 先检查用户是否注册if username not in self.users_database:print(f"用户名 {username} 未注册,请先注册!")return Falsepassword = input("请输入密码:")if self.users_database[username] == password:self.username = usernameself.password = passwordself.logged_in = Trueprint("登录成功!")return True# 只在还有尝试机会时显示提示if i < 2:print(f"密码错误,您还有{2 - i}次机会")else: # 3次尝试都失败print("您已连续3次输入错误,请重新登录!")return Falsedef run(self):# 用户系统主界面while True:print("\n================== 用户系统 ==================")choice = input("请选择:1、注册 2、登录 3、退出")if choice == '1':self.register()elif choice == '2':if self.login():# 登录成功后退出用户系统returnelif choice == '3':print("退出用户系统!")exit()else:print("无效选择,请重新输入!")class Student:def __init__(self, sid, sname, ssex, sage, address, tel):self.sid = sidself.sname = snameself.ssex = ssexself.sage = sageself.address = addressself.tel = teldef display_info(self):# 显示学生信息print(f"学号:{self.sid},姓名:{self.sname},性别:{self.ssex},"f"年龄:{self.sage},地址:{self.address},电话:{self.tel}")class StudentManagerSystem:def __init__(self):self.students = {} # 用字典存储学生对象,键为学号def add_student(self):# 增加学生信息sid = input("请输入学生学号:")if sid in self.students:print("该学号已存在!")returnsname = input("请输入学生姓名:")ssex = input("请输入学生性别:")try:sage = int(input("请输入学生年龄:"))address = input("请输入地址:")# 电话改为字符串,避免以0开头的号码问题tel = input("请输入电话:")self.students[sid] = Student(sid, sname, ssex, sage, address, tel)print("添加成功!")except ValueError:print("年龄必须为数字!")def delete_student(self):if not self.students:print("当前无任何学生信息!")return# 删除学生信息sid = input("请输入要删除的学生学号:")if sid in self.students:del self.students[sid]print("删除成功!")else:print("未找到该学号的学生!")def modify_student(self):if not self.students:print("当前无任何学生信息!")return# 修改学生信息sid = input("请输入要修改的学生学号:")if sid not in self.students:print("未找到该学号的学生!")returnstudent = self.students[sid]student.display_info()print("\n请选择要修改的项:")print("1: 学号 2: 姓名 3: 性别 4: 年龄 5: 地址 6: 电话 7: 全部 8:退出")try:choice = input("请输入选择(1-8): ")if choice == '7':new_sid = input("新的学号:")new_sname = input("新的名字:")new_ssex = input("新的性别:")new_sage = int(input("新的年龄:"))new_address = input("新的地址:")new_tel = input("新的电话:")# 如果学号改变,需要先删除旧的再添加新的if new_sid != sid:del self.students[sid]self.students[new_sid] = Student(new_sid, new_sname, new_ssex,new_sage, new_address, new_tel)else:# 学号没变,直接修改对象属性student.sname = new_snamestudent.ssex = new_ssexstudent.sage = new_sagestudent.address = new_addressstudent.tel = new_telelse:if choice == '1':new_sid = input("新的学号:")if new_sid != sid:self.students[new_sid] = self.students.pop(sid)self.students[new_sid].sid = new_sidelif choice == '2':student.sname = input("新的名字:")elif choice == '3':student.ssex = input("新的性别:")elif choice == '4':student.sage = int(input("新的年龄:"))elif choice == '5':student.address = input("新的地址:")elif choice == '6':student.tel = input("新的电话:")elif choice == '8':returnelse:print("无效选择!")returnprint("修改成功!")except ValueError:print("输入数据有误!")def find_student_by_sid(self):if not self.students:print("当前无任何学生信息!")return# 查询单个学生信息sid = input("请输入学生学号:")if sid in self.students:self.students[sid].display_info()else:print("未找到该学号的学生!")def list_all_students(self):if not self.students:print("当前无任何学生信息!")return# 查询所有学生信息print("\n================== 所有学生信息 ==================")for sid, student in self.students.items():student.display_info()print("="*50)def run(self):"""学生管理系统主界面"""while True:print("\n================== 学生管理系统 ==================")print("1: 添加学生")print("2: 删除学生")print("3: 修改学生")print("4: 单个查询")print("5: 全部查询")print("6: 退出系统")choice = input("请输入您的选择(1-6): ")if choice == '1':self.add_student()elif choice == '2':self.delete_student()elif choice == '3':self.modify_student()elif choice == '4':self.find_student_by_sid()elif choice == '5':self.list_all_students()elif choice == '6':print("退出学生管理系统!")breakelse:print("无效选择,请重新输入!")if __name__ == '__main__':# 创建用户系统并运行user_system = User()user_system.run()# 用户登录成功后,进入学生管理系统student_manager = StudentManagerSystem()student_manager.run()