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RT Thread Studio创建USB虚拟串口工程

news 来源：原创 2025/4/28 9:54:47

MCU型号：STM32F103RET6

1.生成一个带串口输出的工程文件，新建RT-Thread项目工程文件。
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2.查看电路图中的串口输出管脚，根据STMCubeMx软件可知此串口为USART1，选择芯片型号为STM32F103RET6，控制台串口选择UART1，发送脚：PB6，接收脚：PB7

3.设置下载bin文件的下载地址为：0x08000000。

4.代码编译后下载到电路板，连上串口调试助手可看到调试信息。
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5.打开RT-Thread Settings设置设备驱动中的USB，USB设置如图所示，设置完成之后，记得保存，否则设置无效。

6.查看原理图中的外部晶振大小，由图可知为8MHz。

7.打开CubeMx_Settings配置USB虚拟串口。

8.配置外部晶振，配置USB，重新配置外部时钟，配置完之后生成工程文件
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9.删除usb_device.h，usbd_cdc_if.h，usbd_conf.h，usbd_desc.h文件，去掉main.c文件中的#include “usb_device.h”

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10.在stm32f1xx_hal_conf.h打开宏定义HAL_UART_MODULE_ENABLED.
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11.1.将usbd_conf.c文件中的void HAL_PCD_MspInit(PCD_HandleTypeDef* pcdHandle)和HAL_PCD_MspDeInit(PCD_HandleTypeDef* pcdHandle)拷贝到stm32f1xx_hal_msp.c文件中。

void HAL_PCD_MspInit(PCD_HandleTypeDef* pcdHandle)
{if(pcdHandle->Instance==USB){/* USER CODE BEGIN USB_MspInit 0 *//* USER CODE END USB_MspInit 0 *//* Peripheral clock enable */__HAL_RCC_USB_CLK_ENABLE();/* Peripheral interrupt init */HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQn, 5, 0);HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQn);HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQn, 5, 0);HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQn);/* USER CODE BEGIN USB_MspInit 1 *//* USER CODE END USB_MspInit 1 */}
}void HAL_PCD_MspDeInit(PCD_HandleTypeDef* pcdHandle)
{if(pcdHandle->Instance==USB){/* USER CODE BEGIN USB_MspDeInit 0 *//* USER CODE END USB_MspDeInit 0 *//* Peripheral clock disable */__HAL_RCC_USB_CLK_DISABLE();/* Peripheral interrupt Deinit*/HAL_NVIC_DisableIRQ(USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQn);HAL_NVIC_DisableIRQ(USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQn);/* USER CODE BEGIN USB_MspDeInit 1 *//* USER CODE END USB_MspDeInit 1 */}
}

12.在board.h文件中开启BSP_USING_USBDEVICE，#define BSP_USING_USBDEVICE。
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13.编译程序，烧录到电路板中，插上USB，在电脑中可显示端口号。

14.新建usbd_vcom.h和usbd_vcom.c文件，实现USB虚拟串口数据的发送和接收。
usbd_vcom.h

#ifndef __USBD_VCOM_H__
#define __USBD_VCOM_H__#include <rtthread.h>typedef struct
{
#define USBD_VCOM_THREAD_STACK_SIZE   1024
#define USBD_VCOM_THREAD_PRIO         15
#define USBD_VCOM_THREAD_TICK         10struct rt_semaphore sem_rx;rt_thread_t thread_rx;uint8_t is_running_rx;
}usbd_vcom_rtos_t;typedef struct
{rt_device_t dev;usbd_vcom_rtos_t rtos;
}usbd_vcom_t;extern usbd_vcom_t usbd_vcom;#define usbd_vcom_get_dev() usbd_vcom.devrt_err_t usbd_vcom_drive_init(void);
rt_err_t usbd_vcom_rx_call(rt_device_t dev, rt_size_t size);
rt_err_t usbd_vcom_init(void);
void usbd_vcom_thread_rx(void *para);
#endif

usbd_vcom.c文件

#include "usbd_vcom.h"usbd_vcom_t usbd_vcom;rt_err_t usbd_vcom_drive_init(void)
{rt_device_t *ps_dev=&usbd_vcom.dev;rt_err_t result = RT_EOK;*ps_dev = rt_device_find("vcom");if (!(*ps_dev)){return RT_ERROR;}result = rt_device_open(*ps_dev, RT_DEVICE_FLAG_RDWR | RT_DEVICE_FLAG_INT_RX);if (result != RT_EOK){return RT_ERROR;}rt_device_set_rx_indicate(*ps_dev, usbd_vcom_rx_call);return RT_EOK;
}rt_err_t usbd_vcom_rx_call(rt_device_t dev, rt_size_t size)
{usbd_vcom_rtos_t *ps_rtos=&usbd_vcom.rtos;if (0 == ps_rtos->is_running_rx){return RT_ERROR;}rt_sem_release(&ps_rtos->sem_rx);return RT_EOK;
}rt_err_t usbd_vcom_init(void)
{usbd_vcom_t *ps_handle=&usbd_vcom;usbd_vcom_rtos_t *ps_rtos=&ps_handle->rtos;rt_err_t result = RT_EOK;memset(ps_handle,0,sizeof(usbd_vcom_t));result = usbd_vcom_drive_init();if(result!=RT_EOK){return RT_ERROR;}result = rt_sem_init(&ps_rtos->sem_rx, "usbd_vcom_sem_rx", 0, RT_IPC_FLAG_FIFO);if(result!=RT_EOK){return RT_ERROR;}ps_rtos->thread_rx = rt_thread_create("usbd_vcom_thread_rx", usbd_vcom_thread_rx, ps_handle, USBD_VCOM_THREAD_STACK_SIZE, USBD_VCOM_THREAD_PRIO, USBD_VCOM_THREAD_TICK);if (ps_rtos->thread_rx == RT_NULL){return RT_ERROR;}rt_thread_startup(ps_rtos->thread_rx);
}void usbd_vcom_thread_rx(void *para)
{usbd_vcom_t *ps_handle=(usbd_vcom_t*)para;usbd_vcom_rtos_t *ps_rtos=&ps_handle->rtos;uint8_t b_data=0;ps_rtos->is_running_rx=1;while (ps_rtos->is_running_rx){while (rt_device_read(ps_handle->dev, -1, &b_data, 1) != 1){rt_sem_take(&ps_rtos->sem_rx, RT_WAITING_FOREVER);}rt_device_write(ps_handle->dev, 0, &b_data, 1);}
}